Verticals / Tribal casinos
Tribal casinos
Tribal casino gaming is legal and live in 20 states, as of Oct 11, 2026. 11 states allow it in a limited form.
Tribal Class II / Class III gaming under IGRA.
LiveLegal, not launchedLimitedContestedProhibitedNot authorizedRepealedNA
By state
| State | Status | Launched | Model | Current tax | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | Live | Dec 1, 2002 | Monopoly Tribal | Tiered compact revenue-sharing contribution on Class III Net Win (gross gaming win, before operating costs), per ADG's own Tribal Contributions page: for Gila River, Salt River, Ak-Chin, Tohono O'odham, and Pascua Yaqui only -- 1% of the first $25,000,000, 3% of the next $50,000,000, 6% of the next $25,000,000, and 8% of each additional $100,000,000. All other Arizona tribes contribute a flat 0.75% of Class III Net Win. NET_REVENUE (retail) | Voters approved Proposition 202 on Nov. 5, 2002, replacing the state's earlier (1993-era) compacts. Gov. Hull signed new compacts with 16 tribes between Dec. 2002 and Jan. 2003; Gov. Napolitano signed 5 more during 2003; Gov. Ducey signed the Hopi Tribe's compact in Nov. 2017, bringing the total to 22 of Arizona's federally recognized tribes (all federally recognized AZ tribes now have a compact). Each compact lasts 10 years, renewable for another decade plus a 2-year term. On April 15, 2021, Gov. Ducey and the tribes signed Amended Compacts adding event wagering and new Class III games (craps, roulette, baccarat) as authorized tribal casino activities. |
| California | Live | Monopoly Tribal | Proposition 1A (March 2000) amended the state constitution to let the Governor negotiate Class III compacts, ratified by the Legislature. A 1999 wave of compacts was signed by 61 tribes; a 2025 legislative bill analysis describes 'more than 60' gaming tribes currently operating. Compact activity continues (e.g., Trinidad Rancheria compact renewed July 2025; Interior declined to approve two 2020s-era compacts). | ||
| Colorado | Live | Sep 1, 1992 | Monopoly Tribal | Southern Ute Indian Tribe (Sky Ute Casino Resort, Ignacio) and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe (Ute Mountain Casino Hotel, Towaoc) operate Class III casinos under state-tribal compacts with the same $100 bet limit as commercial casinos; tribal gaming revenue is not taxed or reported to the state. Both tribes sued the state in 2024 (D. Colo.) arguing their compacts entitle them to offer online sports betting, which the state has not permitted. | |
| Connecticut | Live | 1992 | Monopoly Tribal | 25% OTHER (retail) | Two tribal casinos: Foxwoods Resort Casino (Ledyard), operated by the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation, added table games in 1992 and slot machines in 1993; Mohegan Sun (Uncasville), operated by the Mohegan Tribe (federally recognized 1992), opened in 1996. In exchange for a state slot-machine monopoly (no slots permitted elsewhere in CT), the tribes pay 25% of slot revenue to the state. Combined slot handle was $13.2B with winnings of $1.1B in FY2016-17. A planned third casino (Tribal Winds, East Windsor) was scrapped in 2022 when the 2021 sports wagering compact amendment was finalized; new tribal casino development is on hold until 2032. |
| Florida | Live | Monopoly Tribal | 12% GGR (total) $0–$2.0B 15% GGR (total) $0–$1.0B 17.5% GGR (total) $2.0B–$2.5B 25% GGR (total) $2.0B–∞ 25% GGR (total) $3.5B–∞ | Seminole Tribe operates Class II/III gaming (slot machines, banked card games including blackjack, baccarat and chemin de fer, plus craps and roulette under the 2021 compact) at its Florida casinos, including Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Hollywood; compact runs through July 31, 2051. | |
| Iowa | Live | Dec 31, 1992 | Monopoly Tribal | Updated on audit (2026-10-10) with primary sources: the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa (Meskwaki Nation) operates the Meskwaki Bingo Casino Hotel near Tama under a Tribal-State Class III gaming compact with Iowa. BIA/Interior records confirm a 1992 compact (approved 1992-04-30, later amended to remove criminal-jurisdiction provisions over non-members that Interior found conflicted with federal law), a 1995 compact approval (signed by Assistant Secretary-Indian Affairs Ada Deer), and a further compact executed 2004-10-21 and approved by Interior 2004-12-02/20 (effective on Federal Register publication of the approval notice); Interior's approval letter found the compact did not violate IGRA, other federal law, or the U.S. trust obligation. The casino began operating 1992-12-31 per the Iowa Dept. of Inspections, Appeals and Licensing (DIAL) indian-gaming page (dial.iowa.gov/licenses/gambling/indian-gaming; direct fetch returned 403 this session, confirmed via search-indexed page title/content instead). Could not independently confirm whether a later compact amendment superseded the 2004 compact or the current Meskwaki slot/table-game counts; those points remain secondary-sourced (see ia-tribal-gaming-secondary) and should be re-checked against NIGC's compact list when reachable. Separately, significant Class III casinos tied to Nebraska's Winnebago and Omaha tribes (e.g., WinnaVegas near Sloan, and the Omaha Tribe's casino near Onawa) are located on trust land in Iowa, not Nebraska -- these are distinct operations from Meskwaki's. A second tribal-state Class III compact, between the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska (not an Iowa-headquartered tribe) and the State of Iowa, was submitted to Interior on 2020-12-11; the Secretary took no action within the IGRA review period, so under 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(8)(C) the compact is deemed approved to the extent consistent with IGRA, and Interior published Federal Register notice 2021-04499 (86 Fed. Reg. 12874, 2021-03-05) announcing the compact took effect 2021-03-05. Under that compact the tribe operates Prairie Flower Casino in Carter Lake, Iowa (Pottawattamie County, on the Nebraska border near Omaha); the Eighth Circuit upheld the tribe's right to site the casino there despite a challenge from Iowa/Council Bluffs officials, holding the 1990 Ponca Restoration Act does not limit the casino's location. A 2025-02 secondary report (soloazar/ggbnews) describes an expanded facility with 600 slot machines, a sportsbook, and electronic table games. | |
| Kansas | Live | Monopoly Tribal | Five Class III tribal-state gaming compacts/operations identified via secondary sources (not independently confirmed against the Kansas AG's compact repository, which was not reachable this session): Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation (Mayetta; opened a retail sportsbook in early 2024; compact reportedly being amended to add sports wagering per a 2025 legislative resolution); Kickapoo Tribe of Kansas (Golden Eagle Casino, Horton); Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska (unnamed casino); Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska (unnamed casino); and Wyandotte Nation (7th Street Casino, Kansas City, plus a second facility, Crosswinds Casino, near Park City, under a new compact reported signed around March 2026 and deemed approved by operation of law when the U.S. Interior Department's 45-day review period lapsed, with Federal Register publication reported 2026-07-14; this compact reportedly includes a "hub-and-spoke" sports-wagering model). Legal basis for Wyandotte's off-reservation facility traced to a May 2025 Kansas AG Opinion (2025-11) in secondary reporting; the opinion itself was not directly fetched. Tribal compacts are negotiated by the Kansas AG/Governor under IGRA, not administered by KRGC, so KRGC's own pages do not cover them. | ||
| Louisiana | Live | Monopoly Tribal | Tribal-state Class III compacts cover the Chitimacha Tribe, Coushatta Tribe, Tunica-Biloxi Tribe, and (per a 2002 compact) the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians; each operates land-based casino facilities under IGRA. | ||
| Michigan | Live | Monopoly Tribal | 12 of Michigan's federally recognized tribes operate Class III casinos (nearly two dozen facilities) under individual compacts. First 7 compacts signed 1993 after a federal consent judgment; the last holdout, the Gun Lake Band, received trust land and its compact took effect April 2009. Compacts generally include geographic exclusivity in exchange for 2% revenue-share payments to local governments on electronic games of chance, plus payments to the state; terms vary by tribe and some have been renegotiated (e.g., Nottawaseppi Huron Band/FireKeepers 2009 sliding-scale amendment; Hannahville Potawatomi agreement running to 2042). | ||
| Minnesota | Live | Monopoly Tribal | 18 Class III tribal casinos operated by 11 federally recognized tribes/bands under individually negotiated compacts with the governor. | ||
| Mississippi | Live | Monopoly Tribal | Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians operates Pearl River Resort (Golden Moon and Silver Star casinos) and Bok Homa Casino in Neshoba County under a Class III compact approved by the Department of the Interior. | ||
| New Mexico | Live | 1997 | Monopoly Tribal | 2% NET_REVENUE (retail) $0–$6.0M 9.5% NET_REVENUE (retail) $6.0M–$20.0M 9.5% NET_REVENUE (retail) $20.0M–$40.0M 10.25% NET_REVENUE (retail) $40.0M–$80.0M 10.75% NET_REVENUE (retail) $80.0M–∞ 2% NET_REVENUE (retail) $0–$6.0M 8.75% NET_REVENUE (retail) $6.0M–$20.0M 8.75% NET_REVENUE (retail) $20.0M–$40.0M 9.5% NET_REVENUE (retail) $40.0M–$80.0M 10% NET_REVENUE (retail) $80.0M–∞ | Roughly 20+ tribal Class III gaming facilities operate under compacts between the State of New Mexico and individual tribes/pueblos (e.g., Navajo Nation, Mescalero Apache, Jicarilla Apache, and most of the 19 Pueblos, including Isleta, Sandia, Santa Ana, Pojoaque, Ohkay Owingeh, Tesuque, San Felipe, Acoma and Laguna). Compacts were renegotiated/renewed in 2001, 2007 and again under the "2015 Compacts," which have been the subject of ongoing litigation over how revenue-sharing payments are calculated (see legal_events). The Pueblo of Jemez's 2015 Compact (BIA/DOI-published, Section 11(C)(2)) sets a tiered revenue-sharing schedule on "Adjusted Net Win" across three multi-year periods (2015-2018, 2018-2030, 2030-2037); see tax_rates for the full tier table. Other New Mexico tribes' 2015 compacts are understood to follow the same template schedule but were not individually verified in this research pass. The Gaming Control Board's own site (nmgcb.org) remained unreachable (HTTP 403) throughout. |
| New York | Live | Jul 16, 1993 | Monopoly Tribal | At least three tribal nations operate Class III gaming under IGRA compacts: the Oneida Indian Nation (Turning Stone Resort Casino, Verona, opened July 1993 under a 1993 compact with Gov. Mario Cuomo whose validity was litigated for years before a May 2013 settlement among the Oneida Nation, New York State, and Madison/Oneida Counties); the Seneca Nation of New York (Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel, Niagara Falls, opened 2002); and the Mohawk Nation/St. Regis Mohawk Tribe (Akwesasne Mohawk Casino, Hogansburg, opened 1999). The Seneca Nation is widely reported to operate additional casinos (Buffalo, Allegany) not independently confirmed in this research pass. | |
| North Carolina | Live | Nov 1997 | Monopoly Tribal | Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians operates Harrah's Cherokee (opened Nov. 1997; table games added 2012 under an amended compact) and Harrah's Cherokee Valley River (opened Sept. 2015, Murphy). Catawba Indian Nation opened Catawba Two Kings Casino in Kings Mountain (temporary facility, July 2021) on land taken into trust; the Catawba's primary reservation is in South Carolina, so its NC gaming authority rests on federal land-into-trust/Catawba-specific legislation rather than a conventional state compact. | |
| North Dakota | Live | Monopoly Tribal | The Gaming Division conducts random inspections at the state's five Indian casinos to check game integrity, wager limits, and prize payout ratios; compact texts are held by the Governor's Office. Several of the five casinos (Dakota Magic, Spirit Lake, Sky Dancer, 4 Bears) also offer retail sports wagering as a compact-based amenity (see sports_retail). The tribal casino minimum gambling age was lowered from 21 to 19 following a 2022 agreement with Gov. Burgum. | ||
| Oklahoma | Live | Jan 1, 2005 | Monopoly Tribal | 10% NET_REVENUE (retail) 4% GGR (retail) $0–$10.0M 5% GGR (retail) $10.0M–$20.0M 6% GGR (retail) $20.0M–∞ | 35 tribes hold Class III compacts (identical Model Tribal Gaming Compact adopted via SQ 712 in 2004) covering electronic amusement games, electronic bonanza-style/instant bingo, and non-house-banked card games at 130+ facilities statewide. Compacts had an initial term to Jan. 1, 2020 and renew automatically for successive 15-year terms absent a change in the state's authorization of non-racing electronic gaming; a 2020 federal court ruling confirmed automatic renewal through 2035 over Gov. Stitt's objection. |
| Oregon | Live | Monopoly Tribal | Nine federally recognized Oregon tribes hold Class III gaming compacts; sources vary on whether eight or nine currently operate casinos (at roughly nine to ten locations, two reportedly Class II), including Spirit Mountain, Chinook Winds, Wildhorse, Seven Feathers, The Mill, Three Rivers, Kla-Mo-Ya, Indian Head, and Old Camp. The Cow Creek Band's compact (approved 1992) was the state's first. | ||
| South Dakota | Live | Monopoly Tribal | 9 tribal casinos operating under compacts, per the Commission on Gaming's licensee listing (including Dakota Sioux near Watertown, Lode Star at Ft. Thompson, Golden Buffalo at Lower Brule, and Grand River at Mobridge), offering the same game set as Deadwood. | ||
| Washington | Live | Monopoly Tribal | Confirmed via the Commission's own "Tribal Casino Locations" page (fetched directly): all 29 federally recognized Washington tribes have Class III gaming compacts, and 23 tribes operate 29 casinos under compact. Class III games include sports wagering, electronic tribal lottery terminals, and table games; corrects this file's prior unreconciled "22 tribes / 28 vs. 29 casinos" figures. | ||
| Wisconsin | Live | Monopoly Tribal | 11 federally recognized tribes/bands operate Class III gaming facilities statewide (Bad River, Red Cliff, Sokaogon Chippewa, Lac du Flambeau, Stockbridge-Munsee, Forest County Potawatomi, Oneida Nation, Menominee, Lac Courte Oreilles, St. Croix Chippewa, Ho-Chunk Nation), per the Division of Gaming's January 2026 Class III Gaming Locations map. | ||
| Alabama | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | Poarch Band of Creek Indians operates 3 Class II gaming facilities (Wind Creek Wetumpka, Wind Creek Montgomery, Wind Creek Atmore) under a tribal gaming ordinance approved by NIGC; bingo-style electronic machines only. No tribal-state Class III compact exists because Alabama authorizes no Class III gaming for any person, so there is nothing for the state to compact over (per IGRA's structure). State's attempt to sue PCI Gaming Authority over the legality of the gaming was dismissed on tribal sovereign-immunity/IGRA-preemption grounds without reaching the merits. | ||
| Alaska | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | Alaska's governor has not negotiated any Class III tribal-state gaming compact, so every tribal gaming facility in the state operates Class II bingo-style gaming only: the Metlakatla Indian Community (Alaska's only reservation not dissolved by ANCSA), a Klawock facility that opened in 2022, and the Native Village of Eklutna's Chin'an Gaming Hall outside Anchorage, which opened to the public in February 2025 (85 machines, planned to grow to 700) after NIGC approved the tribe's gaming-eligible land in 2024, reversing an earlier 2018 denial that had prompted a 2019 federal lawsuit by the tribe. | ||
| Idaho | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | 2002 Proposition 1 authorizes tribes to operate "tribal video gaming machines," defined by statute as not slot machines, under their IGRA compacts. Casinos operate on the Coeur d'Alene, Nez Perce, Kootenai, and Shoshone-Bannock reservations; machine counts are capped at pre-2002 levels plus 25% with 5%/yr growth thereafter, and tribes contribute 5% of net gaming income to local schools. No Class III table games/slots beyond these machines. | ||
| Indiana | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | 8% OTHER (total) | Four Winds South Bend (Pokagon Band of Potawatomi) is Indiana's only tribal Class III gaming facility, operating under a 20-year compact signed by Gov. Holcomb; up to 3,403 gaming positions; sports wagering and mobile wagering confined to the 166-acre tribal property (no statewide mobile). Tribe shares 10% of net slot revenue (8% state / 2% South Bend). | |
| Massachusetts | Limited | Jan 1, 2025 | Monopoly Tribal | Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe signed a Class III compact with the Commonwealth in 2013 (17-21% state revenue share, 20-year term) for a Taunton resort ("First Light Resort & Casino") that was never built. The tribe instead opened a smaller Class II "welcome center" gaming facility in Taunton (slots-style bingo machines) that has been operating since 2025, with a Mar 2025 revenue-sharing MOA with the City of Taunton and a Jan 2026 alcohol-service approval. Full resort financing/land-into-trust status for the larger casino is unresolved. | |
| Montana | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | Per the Montana DOJ Gambling Control Division's own compacts page, six of Montana's seven reservations now hold Class III compacts: Fort Peck (new compact Dec. 2023, DOI-approved Jan. 23, 2024; up to 925 Class III machines), Rocky Boy's (Chippewa Cree, new compact Dec. 2012), Crow (compact effective March 8, 2013; up to 750 Class III machines), Fort Belknap, Northern Cheyenne (up to 750 machines), and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation, whose prior compact lapsed in 2006 and which signed a NEW Class III compact with the state in September 2025, approved by the U.S. Department of the Interior on January 26, 2026 (up to 925 Class III machines; notably this compact also gives the state and CSKT concurrent jurisdiction to regulate sports wagering within the Reservation -- a carve-out from the Montana Lottery's statewide sports-betting monopoly). The Blackfeet Nation's compact was terminated in 1997; 2006 negotiations did not produce a new one, so Blackfeet has no Class III compact and operates Glacier Peaks Casino as Class II only. | ||
| Nebraska | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | Nebraska has long refused to negotiate Class III tribal-state gaming compacts, so the Winnebago, Omaha, and Santee Sioux tribes' gaming on their Nebraska reservations has historically been limited to Class II (bingo-style electronic pull-tab/bingo) gaming under IGRA, not Class III casino-style games. The Santee Sioux Nation's Ohiya Casino (opened 1996 on the Santee reservation in Knox County) was sued by the state shortly after opening over its game offerings, and secondary reporting as recently as 2013 described the state as still refusing to negotiate a Class III compact. The economically significant Class III casinos tied to the Winnebago and Omaha tribes (e.g., WinnaVegas near Sloan, Iowa, and the Omaha Tribe's casino near Onawa, Iowa) are physically located across the Missouri River on tribal trust land in IOWA, not Nebraska, and should not be confused with Nebraska's "WarHorse" casinos (Lincoln, Omaha) -- those are commercial racetrack-casino licenses developed by Ho-Chunk, Inc. (the Winnebago Tribe's economic-development corporation) under the Nebraska Racetrack Gaming Act, not Class III tribal-trust-land gaming, and are already counted under this file's casino_commercial vertical. A Ponca Tribe compact referenced in a BIA "deemed approved" listing could not be confirmed as Nebraska-specific (it may pertain to the Ponca Tribe's Iowa-side gaming interests); not resolved this session. No current Class III tribal casino operating within Nebraska's borders was confirmed. | ||
| Nevada | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | Several Nevada tribes (e.g., Pyramid Lake Paiute, Te-Moak Tribe of Western Shoshone, Walker River Paiute, Washoe Tribe) hold IGRA Class III compacts with the state, mostly slots-only facilities, smaller in scale than the state's commercial casino industry. Current full compact count is secondary-source only. | ||
| South Carolina | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | The Catawba Indian Nation (SC's only federally recognized tribe) has no Class III gaming compact with South Carolina. Under the 1993 Catawba Indian Tribe of South Carolina Land Claims Settlement Act, the tribe agreed to be bound by South Carolina law, and lost its state-court bid to operate video poker. SCDOR issues the tribe a "Catawba Indian Special" bingo-only license ($4,000); the tribe instead signed a Class III compact with North Carolina (approved by BIA March 19, 2021) for its Kings Mountain, NC casino, not a South Carolina facility. | ||
| Texas | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | Three federally recognized tribes: Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas (Kickapoo Lucky Eagle Casino Hotel, Eagle Pass, Class II, operating openly under IGRA/NIGC oversight); Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas (Naskila Casino bingo-based Class II hall near Livingston, closed by federal court 1999-2002 then reopened as an electronic-bingo hall after a 2016 state-court ruling that bingo is not prohibited in Texas); Ysleta del Sur Pueblo (Speaking Rock Entertainment Center, El Paso, offering Class II gaming since 2022). Both the Alabama-Coushatta and Ysleta del Sur Pueblo tribes are also subject to the 1987 Restoration Act, which bars gaming "prohibited by the laws of the State of Texas," creating decades of litigation over whether Class III-style gaming is allowed; the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 for the tribes in Ysleta del Sur Pueblo v. Texas (2022), holding that activities merely regulated (not prohibited) by Texas law are governed by IGRA, not the Restoration Act — but the decision did not fully resolve the dispute and litigation/legislative fixes (e.g. proposed federal bill to apply IGRA fully to the two tribes) remain pending. | ||
| Wyoming | Limited | Monopoly Tribal | All four of Wyoming's tribal casinos sit on the single Wind River Reservation, shared by two sovereign nations. The Eastern Shoshone Tribe signed a Class III compact with the state in May 2006 (Interior-approved) and a successor compact in 2016 (deemed approved after Interior did not act within the 45-day review window); it operates one casino. Wyoming refused to negotiate a full Class III compact with the Northern Arapaho Tribe, which won a federal court ruling and now operates three casinos (incl. the state's largest, Wind River Hotel & Casino in Riverton) under Interior-issued Class III procedures rather than a state compact. | ||
| Utah | Prohibited | Utah has no Class II or Class III tribal gaming facility; a 2026 law-review survey identifies Utah as one of two states that prohibit gaming entirely, which under IGRA's parity requirement leaves tribes with no class of gaming to negotiate. | |||
| Arkansas | Not authorized | No tribal Class III gaming compact or federally recognized tribal land exists within Arkansas; Cherokee Nation Entertainment's Pope County project was a commercial (non-tribal-land) casino license under Amendment 100, not IGRA tribal gaming, and that license was ultimately revoked by Amendment 104 (2024). | |||
| Delaware | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe holds Delaware land eligible for IGRA Class III gaming. | |||
| District of Columbia | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribal land exists within the District of Columbia, so IGRA Class II/III tribal gaming is not applicable; general prohibition otherwise governs. | |||
| Georgia | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe holds Indian lands in Georgia, so no IGRA Class II/III gaming facility operates in the state. | |||
| Hawaii | Not authorized | Hawaii has no federally recognized tribe with a reservation through which a Class III IGRA compact could be negotiated; no tribal gaming facility exists. | |||
| Illinois | Not authorized | Illinois has no federally recognized tribe with reservation land or a Class II/III gaming compact in the state; the Native American Gaming Compact Act (230 ILCS 35) provides a framework but no compact has been executed. No tribal casinos operate in Illinois. | |||
| Kentucky | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe with an IGRA Class III compact operates casino gaming in Kentucky. | |||
| Maine | Not authorized | Maine's 4 federally recognized tribes have no independent Class III casino gaming rights. The Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act of 1980 subjects tribal lands to state law and excludes the tribes from IGRA, unlike tribes in other states; any gaming rights (sports wagering, and now Internet gaming) have had to be separately granted by the Legislature. | |||
| Maryland | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe holds Maryland land eligible for IGRA Class III gaming. | |||
| Missouri | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribes with Missouri land base operate Class III gaming in the state. | |||
| New Hampshire | Not authorized | New Hampshire has no federally recognized tribes and no tribal gaming. | |||
| New Jersey | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe in New Jersey holds a Class III gaming compact; all commercial casino gaming is confined to Atlantic City under the Casino Control Act. | |||
| Ohio | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribes with reservations/compacts in Ohio; no tribal Class II/III gaming. | |||
| Pennsylvania | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe holds land in Pennsylvania eligible for IGRA Class III gaming; no tribal-state compacts exist. | |||
| Rhode Island | Not authorized | The Narragansett Indian Tribe sought to build a casino (with Harrah's as a partner), requiring a state constitutional amendment since RI law bars non-state-run gambling; Rhode Island voters rejected that amendment in November 2006, and the 2009 Carcieri v. Salazar Supreme Court ruling further complicated any federal trust-land path. No tribal casino operates in Rhode Island. | |||
| Tennessee | Not authorized | Tennessee is not among the states with Native American gaming facilities; no federally recognized tribe operates a compacted casino in the state. | |||
| Vermont | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe operates Class III gaming in Vermont (the Elnu and other Abenaki bands recognized by the state are not federally recognized); no tribal gaming compact exists. | |||
| Virginia | Not authorized | Virginia has no IGRA Class III tribal gaming compact. The Pamunkey Tribe's Norfolk casino is licensed and taxed under the state commercial casino law (Va. Code § 58.1-4100 et seq.), not a tribal-state compact, because the land is not held in trust for gaming. | |||
| West Virginia | Not authorized | No federally recognized tribe holds West Virginia land eligible for IGRA Class III gaming. |
Tribal gaming revenue
All tribal gaming operationsFederal fiscal years
$20.0B$40.0B$60.0BFY2005FY2009FY2013FY2017FY2021FY2025$46.2B
Gross gaming revenue reported to the National Indian Gaming Commission.[1]
By region, FY2025
The Commission does not publish revenue by state.
| Region | States | Operations | Revenue | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NIGC Sacramento Region | CA, NV Covers northern Nevada only. | 88 | $12.6B[1] | 27.4% |
| NIGC Washington, D.C. Region | AL, CT, FL, LA, MA, MS, NC, NY | 46 | $11.2B[1] | 24.3% |
| NIGC St. Paul Region | IN, IA, MI, MN, NE, WI | 101 | $5.3B[1] | 11.5% |
| NIGC Portland Region | AK, ID, OR, WA | 58 | $4.9B[1] | 10.7% |
| NIGC Phoenix Region | AZ, CO, NM, NV Covers southern Nevada only. | 54 | $4.2B[1] | 9.1% |
| NIGC Oklahoma City Region | OK, TX Covers western Oklahoma only. | 80 | $3.7B[1] | 8.1% |
| NIGC Tulsa Region | KS, OK Covers eastern Oklahoma only. | 74 | $3.7B[1] | 7.9% |
| NIGC Rapid City Region | MT, ND, SD, WY | 44 | $440M[1] | 1.0% |
Payments from tribes to states
| State | Year | Amount | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Florida | FY2026 | $1.0B | Revenue share under the 2021 Seminole compact[2] |
| Oklahoma | FY2026 | $238M | Exclusivity fees: 4-6% of electronic-game revenue, 10% of table-game revenue[3] |
| Connecticut | FY2025 | $215M | 25% of slot revenue[4] |
| Arizona | FY2026 | $171M | Compact contributions to the Arizona Benefits Fund[5] |
| California | FY2025 | $147M | Slot license fees paid into the Revenue Sharing Trust Fund[6] |
| Wisconsin | FY2025 | $72.8M | Compact revenue-sharing payments[7] |
Compact notices in the Federal Register
| State | Notices | First | Latest |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | 78 | Sep 18, 1998 | Jul 26, 2022 |
| California | 112 | May 5, 1998 | Jul 7, 2026 |
| Colorado | 2 | Aug 21, 1995 | Mar 19, 1996 |
| Connecticut | 2 | Jun 1, 2018 | Sep 15, 2021 |
| Florida | 3 | Jan 7, 2008 | Aug 11, 2021 |
| Iowa | 6 | Oct 19, 1998 | Mar 5, 2021 |
| Idaho | 6 | Nov 14, 1995 | Oct 7, 2008 |
| Indiana | 1 | Jul 2, 2021 | Jul 2, 2021 |
| Kansas | 5 | Jul 6, 1995 | Jul 14, 2026 |
| Louisiana | 19 | Mar 1, 1995 | Mar 20, 2025 |
| Massachusetts | 1 | Feb 3, 2014 | Feb 3, 2014 |
| Michigan | 10 | Feb 18, 1999 | Dec 12, 2016 |
| Minnesota | 15 | Jul 2, 2021 | Dec 15, 2025 |
| Mississippi | 1 | Jul 15, 1996 | Jul 15, 1996 |
| Montana | 32 | May 16, 1997 | Jan 26, 2026 |
| North Carolina | 6 | Jul 9, 1996 | Dec 15, 2025 |
| North Dakota | 9 | Jul 24, 1997 | Dec 19, 2022 |
| New Mexico | 58 | Mar 22, 1995 | Oct 26, 2017 |
| Nevada | 19 | Jan 6, 1998 | Apr 17, 2025 |
| New York | 5 | Jan 30, 1995 | Dec 22, 2023 |
| Oklahoma | 79 | Feb 3, 1997 | Jan 24, 2023 |
| Oregon | 88 | Jan 30, 1995 | Dec 13, 2024 |
| South Dakota | 78 | May 8, 1998 | Mar 22, 2024 |
| Washington | 164 | Feb 24, 1995 | Sep 29, 2026 |
| Wisconsin | 44 | Apr 20, 1998 | Mar 10, 2026 |
| Wyoming | 2 | Jul 14, 2006 | Aug 22, 2016 |
Notices published from 1994 on.
Sources
- NIGC FY 2025 Gross Gaming Revenue Report · National Indian Gaming Commission · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
- Indian Gaming Revenue Estimating Conference -- Results (Historical Indian Gaming Receipts, GR and Local) · Florida Legislature, Office of Economic & Demographic Research (EDR) · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
- Oklahoma Gaming Compliance Unit Annual Report, Fiscal Year 2026 · Oklahoma Office of Management and Enterprise Services (OMES), Gaming Compliance Unit · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
- DCP - Gaming Division: Transfers to General Fund, Accumulative to Date - Through June 2025 · Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, Gaming Division · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
- Arizona Department of Gaming quarterly tribal gaming contribution announcements (republished) · Arizona Indian Gaming Association, citing Arizona Department of Gaming press releases · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
- Notification of Anticipated Indian Gaming Revenue Sharing Trust Fund Shortfalls · California Gambling Control Commission (CGCC) · retrieved Oct 11, 2026
- Wisconsin Office of Indian Gaming and Regulatory Compliance, Gaming 2024-2025 Annual Report · Wisconsin Department of Administration, Division of Gaming · retrieved Oct 11, 2026